Architects inherently desire innovation in their designs; however, they often neglect to realize the limits of building materials. The presenter will discuss the innovative uses of concrete, stone, and masonry in building design, identifying the potential problems with each system, and provide a practical guide to responsible exploration of these materials.

   Learning objectives:

• Analyze concrete, stone, and masonry enclosure failure modes: efflorescence, thermal hysteresis, corrosion, leakage, structural failure
• Review surface quality control measures and the use of Ando concrete to avoid surface defects and discoloration
• Explore innovations in enclosure systems, including self-consolidating concrete and translucent stone walls designed to resist an explosive blast